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Miss America protest
The Miss America protest was a demonstration held during the Miss America 1969 (September 7, 1968). The protest was attended by about 400 feminists and separately, by civil rights advocates. The feminist protest, organized by ''New York Radical Women'', included tossing a collection of symbolic feminine products, pots, false eyelashes, mops, and other items into a trash can on the Atlantic City boardwalk. They did not burn bras. When the protesters also successfully unfurled a large banner emblazoned with "Women's Liberation" inside the contest hall, they drew worldwide media attention and national attention to the Women’s Liberation Movement. A reporter covering the protest drew an analogy between the feminist protesters and Vietnam War protesters who burned their draft cards, and the ''bra-burning'' trope was erroneously and permanently attached to the event and became a catch-phrase of the feminist era.
A lesser known protest was also organized on the same day by civil rights activist J. Morriss Anderson. It was held at the Ritz Carlton Hotel a few blocks from the Miss America pageant. They crowned the first Miss Black America.
== Origins ==
The New York Radical Women was a group of women that had been active in the civil rights movement, the New Left, and antiwar movements.〔http://www.pbs.org〕 The group was organized in the fall of 1967 by former TV child star Robin Morgan, Carol Hanisch, Shulamith Firestone, and Pam Allen. They were searching for a suitable way to draw attention to their movement.
Hanisch said that she got the idea to target the Miss America contest after the group, including Morgan, Kathie Sarachild, Ros Baxandall, Alix Kates Shulman, Patricia Mainardi, Irene Peslikis, and Ellen Willis, watched a movie that depicted how beauty standards oppressed women. It included clips of a Miss America parading in her swimsuit. "It got me thinking that protesting the pageant might be a good way to launch the movement into the public consciousness," Hanisch said. "Because up until this time, we hadn't done a lot of actions yet. We were a very small movement. It was kind of a gutsy thing to do. Miss America was this 'American pie' icon. Who would dare criticize this?"〔 The group decided to incorporate the techniques successfully used by the civil rights movement and adapt it to the new idea of women's liberation.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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